In such cases, substation contains high-voltage switches that allow lines to be connected or isolated for fault clearance or maintenance. The simplest case is where all transmission lines have the same voltage. Substation in Russia Transmission substation Ī transmission substation connects two or more transmission lines. These categories are not disjointed for example, to solve a particular problem, a transmission substation may include significant distribution functions. Substations may be described by their voltage class, their applications within the power system, the method used to insulate most connections, and by the style and materials of the structures used. The first substations were connected to only one power station, where the generators were housed, and were subsidiaries of that power station.Ģ20 kV/110 kV/20 kV station in Germany Types High-voltage substation in Kaanaa, Pori, Finland As central generation stations became larger, smaller generating plants were converted to distribution stations, receiving their energy supply from a larger plant instead of using their own generators. The word substation comes from the days before the distribution system became a grid. Generally substations are unattended, relying on SCADA for remote supervision and control. Substations may be owned and operated by an electrical utility, or may be owned by a large industrial or commercial customer. There are 55,000 substations in the United States. They are a common component of the infrastructure. A substation may include transformers to change voltage levels between high transmission voltages and lower distribution voltages, or at the interconnection of two different transmission voltages. Between the generating station and consumer, electric power may flow through several substations at different voltage levels. Substations transform voltage from high to low, or the reverse, or perform any of several other important functions. It shows elements of low-profile construction, with apparatus mounted on individual columns.Ī substation is a part of an electrical generation, transmission, and distribution system. A 115 kV to 41.6/12.47 kV 5 MVA 60 Hz substation with circuit switcher, regulators, reclosers and control building at Warren, Minnesota. This substation uses steel lattice structures to support strain bus wires and apparatus.
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